Word roots of Chinese origin
== This page is not up to date==
At the moment LdP includes the following words of Chinese origin. They are changed a little according to LdP phonetics and grammar.
| ai | alas |
| ba | An imperative particle: Go ba dar! - (Come on), go there!; Kan ba se! - (Come on), look at this! Nu go ba! - Let's go! |
| bao | a bag; handabao - a handbag; beybao - a rucksack |
| bengi | to bang, to burst |
| bey | a back: stul bey - chair's back; beybao - a rucksack |
| bu | not: me bu jan - I don't know; me bu go - I don't go (I won't go) |
| buhao | not good, bad |
| byen | comfortable; opportune |
| chi | to eat. Chifan - to take food, to have a meal |
| chitan | pond |
| chiza | spoon; chay-chiza - teaspoon |
| chou | vile, odious; loathsome |
| chu | go out, get out, come out: lu chu-te aus shamba - he went out of the room; on luy fas chu-te sudor - sweat stood out on his face; chu-te nove filma kun Jacky Chan - a new film with Jacky Chan is out; suryachu - sunrise; chusa - exit |
| chwan | a bed |
| chyen | shallow |
| da | it, a pronoun relating to inanimate objects: Se es auto. Da go kway. — This is a car. It goes fast. 'Da' does not have the meaning "this, that" (as reference to the actions, conditions or events mentioned in the preceding or following statement); these meanings are expressed by pronouns "se" (this) and "to" (that): Me jan se — I know this. ("Me jan da" would mean "I know it (some object)"). |
| damay | barley |
| dao | 1) way, road; daokin - path; 2) way, method, means: bay sey dao - by this way |
| di | a particle for ordinal numerals: di un - first, di dwa - second, di shi - tenth; di-unem - firstly, di-dwaem - secondly |
| dun | a hole, breach: ship droni-te por syao dun - the ship drowned because of a little hole; denta dun - cavity (of a tooth); baum dun - hollow (of a tree); foxa dun - fox hole; nosdun - nostril; botondun - buttonhole |
| duan | segment, section, piece, fragment |
| duyfu | manage; cope (with) |
| duza | belly |
| dyen | electric (about domestic electric appliances): dyenketla - electric kettle |
| fa- | a verb prefix with the meaning "to get, to become": akwa fa-warme - water is getting warm; fa-dunkle - it is getting dark; fa-gran - to get bigger, enlarge; fa-syao - to diminish, get smaller; fa-dey - it dawns. |
| fan | food; fanshop - a food store; deyfan - dinner, sabahfan - breakfast, akshamfan - supper; fantabla - dinner table |
| fen | forms fractions: un de trifen — one third; sem de shifen — seven tenths; tri de stofen — three hundredths; trifenka - a third; charfenka - a quarter |
| feng | wind; fengi - to blow (about wind): tudey fengi gro - it's a strong wind today |
| gao | high; gaotaa - hight |
| guan | an institution, establishment: fanguan - dining-rooms, canteen; kitabaguan - library; frisiguan - hairdresser's |
| gun- | working: gundey - working day, guntaim - working time |
| gun | to work: nu begin gun ba! - Let us begin working!; da gun on basa de elektritaa - it works on the basis of electricity; gunsa - work: wan yu fini gunsa? - when do you finish work? |
| gunjen | worker: gunjenta es bu santushte por suy salaria - workers are not satisfied with their salaries |
| guy | dear, expensive |
| guyza | wardrobe, cupboard |
| gwo | a particle indicating a remote past: me gwo bi in Paris — I have been to Paris; me gwo audi musika de Prokofiev — I have heard (or: I used to hear) the music by Prokofiev before. |
| haishi | still, as yet, so far: Me haishi bu he zwo se. – I have not done this yet. Lu haishi safari. – He still travels. Me es haishi ausen urba. – I am still out of town |
| hama | frog |
| hao | good, well: olo es hao ke fini hao - all is well that ends well. bi hao! - all the best!; you are welcome! (reply to a thank). Hao dey! - Good day!. Hao safara! - Have a good trip!. Hao fortuna! - Good luck!. hao-hao - in a good way, thoroughly: hao-hao brosi butas! - brush the boots thoroughly! |
| huanmay | millet |
| hun | turbid |
| hwan | yellow |
| idyen | a little, a bit: kan uupar idyen - look a little higher; day a me idyen akwa - give me a little water |
| jaopay | signboard |
| jen | a man, a human being; jenta - people; jenley - the mankind; jen-ney - human |
| jen | suffix meaning a person: auslandajen - a foreigner (auslanda - foreign countries, abroad); usajen - USA citizen; anglejen - Englishman; samideyajen - like-minded person, samlandajen - fellow countryman. |
| jenmin | people (of a country): mutu-samajia inter jenmin - mutual understanding between the peoples |
| kan | to look: Kan hir! Yu vidi? - Look here! Do you see? Kan TV - watch TV. Winda kan strada - window faces the street. Kansa - a look, glance: al di un kansa - at first sight |
| kaulu | to consider/take into consideration |
| kwanshi | ore |
| kway | quick; kway tren - fast train; kwaytaa - speed |
| kwayzi | chopsticks |
| lani | to be lazy; lane - lazy; lanitaa - lazyness; lannik - lazy fellow, idler |
| lahama | toad |
| lai | to come: Wan yu ve lai? When you will come? Kan hu zai lai! Look who is coming! Ta lai-te snova - He (she) came again; laisa - coming, arrival |
| lao | old; lao yash - old age; laojen - old man; laotaa - oldness |
| laza | garbage; litter |
| lenge | cold: lenge akwa - cold water; fa-lenge - to cool, get cold; me senti lenga - I feel cold |
| ley | suffix with the meaning 'kind, sort': jen - man, jenley - mankind |
| lian | attachment, affection |
| lung | Chinese dragon |
| lwo | to fall; suryalwo - sunset; lwosa - fall (noun) |
| lyensi | to exercise; lyensia - exercise |
| lyu | to leave: me hev lyu may shapa in dom - I have left my hat at home; lyu trasas - to leave traces |
| mangi | to be busy with smth: me mangi, foni pyu tardem - I am busy, call later; me mangi reporta - I am busy with the report; me mangi lekti sey kitaba - I am busy with reading this book; mange busy |
| mifeen | bee |
| mao | hair (on animals); wool; mao shapa - woollen cap; maotuh - towel |
| myen | a mien, expression, look, air |
| nangwa | pumpkin |
| nayu | butter |
| pao | bubble; blister |
| piga | leather |
| pin | commodity, article of trade; goods; wares |
| pinchan | usual, ordinary; usually |
| shao | little (in quantity); mucho worda bat shao aktia - many words but little acts; zuy shao - least; shao-po-shao - little by little |
| shi | 10; di shi - tenth; un de shifen - one tenth; shi-un - eleven; shi-dwa - twelve; dwashi - twenty; trishi - thirty |
| shir | affair |
| shulin | forest |
| shuy | tax |
| suan | sore |
| shwo | to say, to speak; shwoing - speaking; shwosa - speech (the ability to talk); shwoka - a saying |
| shenini | groan, moan |
| shumay | panic grass |
| sundi | to deliver (messages, goods etc) |
| susu | rustle |
| syao | little (in size) |
| syen | string |
| ta | Common pronoun for animate objects in 3rd person singular: he or she (also animals) |
| tunga | pain |
| tuhun | together: ili lai-te tuhun - they came together; tuhuni - to join |
| tinza | summer-house, pergola |
| tuza | a hare |
| turan | suddenly; turan-ney - sudden |
| twoli | to thresh; twoling - threshing; twolilok - threshing-floor; twolitula - flail; twolimashina - threshing machine |
| wuya | crow |
| yan | ram or sheep; man-yan - ram, fem-yan - sheep; yanmasu - mutton |
| yanmay | oats |
| yanza | swallow (zool.) |
| yao | to want: Kwo yu yao? - What do you want? Me wud yao shwo, ke… I would like to say that… Yaosa - a wish, desire |
| yuan | member; employee: kafeeyuan - a cafe worker; shopyuan - shop worker; partidoyuan - a party member; polisyuan - policeman; koalisionyuan - coalition member |
| zai | forms continuous tense: me zai skribi leta - I am writing a letter |
| zin | enter |
| zun | concern oneself with, give one's time to: lu zun musika - he goes in for music; nu zun sey problema yo dwa yar - we deal with this problem for 2 years already. Zunsa - occupation |
| zunshu | follow, observe, keep (to), stick (to) |
| zuy | forms superlative: zuy hao - the best, zuy longe - the longest; es zuy importan kwestia - it's the most important question |
| zwo | to do: Kwo yu yao zwo? - What do you want to do?; Hu zwo-te se? - Who did this? |